ORRA / Science / Calibration

The same output is the wrong output.

A device that gives every person the same field is either too weak for half of them or too strong for the other half. ORRA measures first, every session, and sets its output from what it finds.

This started with a question Bill asked early: does the device have to change for how big someone is, or how much callus is on their hands?

It does, and by more than most people expect. Skin impedance across a population spans a wide range, and the difference between a calloused palm and a soft one is not a rounding error. The same 1.8 mT field arrives at a different nerve at a different depth through different tissue in every person who picks the device up.

So every unit carries a clinical-grade bio-impedance front end. On grip, it injects a current far below the sensory threshold and measures what comes back. High resistance raises the coil drive and drops the plate a further couple of degrees. Low resistance backs both off. An inertial sensor confirms the device is actually being held or worn rather than sitting on a table, and heart rate variability from a paired wearable, when present, chooses between a readiness mode and a rest mode without being asked.

Measure bio-impedance + IMU + HRV Decide Sync Engine sets the flux Emit coil, LEDs, Peltier Observe the reading moves, or it does not The loop runs continuously. A hard cut-off sits outside it, in hardware, and does not ask the engine's permission.
Measure, decide, emit, observe. The safety cut-off deliberately sits outside this loop, in hardware.

THE UNIVERSAL STANDARD®

What the reading is measured against

A raw impedance number means nothing without a baseline. THE UNIVERSAL STANDARD is the name for that baseline: the reference set the reading is normalised against, the per-mode output curves derived from it, and the cut-off thresholds that stop a session when contact is lost.

Calling it a standard is a positioning decision as much as a technical one. The mark is registered in class 046, which covers testing, certification and third-party verification. If a category forms around wearable neural entrainment, the useful place to sit is the one that defines how the category measures itself.

That is a claim about intent. The baseline does not exist yet. Building it requires impedance data from a real population across a real range of skin, and that is a study, not a spreadsheet.

The safety cut-off is hardware, not firmware. If contact impedance breaks out of range, or the internal face of the Peltier passes its limit, the drive stops without the microcontroller being consulted. Software you can update over the air should never be the only thing between a person and a hot plate.

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Three physical layers, six set points, one calibration baseline. Ninety seconds of reading.

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